主義分析框架.然而,為了確保歷史唯物主義方法
論的有效性,研究者必須在研究過程中廣泛收集并
充分占有各種材料,避免陷入機械化和教條化的陷
阱.這就要求我們走出“文本”和“方法”的象牙塔,
深入“經(jīng)驗”的現(xiàn)實世界,彌合三者關(guān)系.唯有如
此,才能真正激發(fā)歷史唯物主義的生命力,使馬克
思的思想在當(dāng)代語境中展現(xiàn)出深刻的解釋力與實
踐價值.
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[１]馬克思恩格斯文集(第１卷)[M]．北京:人民出版社,
２００９．
[２]豐 子 義．歷 史 闡 釋 的 限 度 問 題 [J]．哲 學(xué) 研 究,
２０１９,(１１)．
[３]馬克思恩格斯文集(第１０卷)[M]．北京:人民出版社,
２００９．
[４]馬克思恩格斯文集(第８卷)[M]．北京:人民出版社,
２００９．
[５]馬克思恩格斯文集(第５卷)[M]．北京:人民出版社,
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[６]馬克思恩格斯文集(第７卷)[M]．北京:人民出版社,
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[７]馬克思恩格斯文集(第２卷)[M]．北京:人民出版社,
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[９]斯文貝克特．棉花帝國:一部資本主義全球史[M]．徐
軼杰,楊燕,譯．北京:民主與建設(shè)出版社,２０１９．
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哲學(xué)發(fā)展中的三次重要轉(zhuǎn)換[J]．江漢論壇,２０２２,(１)．
[１４]張一兵．回到馬克思:經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)語境中的哲學(xué)話語[M]．
南京:江蘇人民出版社,２０１４．
(責(zé)任編輯 馮軍勝)
TheAnalyticalLogicofHistoricalMaterialism
———OntheLevelsandSequenceofMarx＇sInterpretationofHistory
LINJin－long
(SchoolofMarxism,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing１０００８４,China;
KelloggCollege,UniversityofOxford,OxfordOX１２JD,UK)
[Abstract]Marx＇sinterpretationofthelevelsandsequenceofhistoryrevealstheanalyticallogicof
historicalmaterialism,whichcanbesummarizedinfivekeypoints．First,thecontinuationoflifeisthe
primarypremiseofallhistory,determiningthattheproductionofmateriallifeformstheunifiedfoundaＧ
tionofhumanhistory．Second,whilemateriallifeisindispensable,itsformsandcontentevolvewith
changinghistoricalconditions,reflectingthedialecticalrelationshipbetweenunityanddiversity．Third,
thisdialecticalrelationshipsuggeststhatbyexaminingthemostadvancedandcomplexmodesofhistoriＧ
calproduction,particularlyincapitalistsociety,wecanuncoverthestructuralandrelationaldynamics
underlyingallhistoricalsocialforms．Capital,asthedrivingforceofbourgeoissociety,thusbecomesa
crucialkeytounderstandinghistoricallaws．Fourth,capitalprofoundlyshapessocialrelations,state
structures,andworldhistory．Whileadvancingproductiveforces,itsimultaneouslylaysthegroundwＧ
orkforitsowndissolution,preparingtheconditionsforproletarianrevolutionandtheemergenceofnew
socialformations．Fifth,althoughcapitalplaysapivotalroleinhistoricalinterpretation,itcannotreＧ
placetheintrinsicmechanismsanddialecticallawsofhistoricaldevelopment．Historyisopen－ended,
characterizedbyadynamicinterplayofcontradictions,producingthepotentialfornewsocialandciviliＧ
zationalforms．Thesefivelevelsareprogressiveandinterconnected,formingacohesive,flexibleanalytiＧ
calframeworkofhistoricalmaterialism,whichprovidesrobustmethodologicalguidanceforinterpreting
andnarratinghistory．
[Keywords]HistoricalMaterialism;History;Capital;Dialectics;Marx
４４
