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6 洲際蓄電池
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14 洲際蓄電池
INDUSTRY 行業(yè)動態(tài)
編者按
2022 BATTERY
INDUSTRY SUMMARY 2022年電池
行業(yè)盤點專題
匯聚實時行情
準確把握市場趨勢
倏忽之間,已經(jīng)是2023年的1月刊,2022年電池行業(yè)的變化有目共睹。
縱觀2022年,動力電池增長亮眼。我國新能源汽車銷量激增93.4%至688.7萬輛,銷量增長帶動
動力電池產(chǎn)業(yè)的高速發(fā)展。根據(jù)中國汽車動力電池產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新聯(lián)盟最新數(shù)據(jù),2022年,我國動力電池
產(chǎn)量545.9GWh,同比增長148.5%。其中,三元電池產(chǎn)量212.5GWh,占總產(chǎn)量38.9%,同比增長
126.4%;磷酸鐵鋰電池產(chǎn)量332.4GWh,占總產(chǎn)量60.9%,同比增長165.1%。但需要注意是,2022年
全年,我國動力“產(chǎn)裝差”達到251.3GWh,較大差額或有產(chǎn)能過剩風險。
本期《洲際蓄電池》為大家?guī)?022年的電池行業(yè)盤點,希望為大家做好2023年電池行業(yè)的開局
參考。
洲際蓄電池 15
行業(yè)動態(tài) INDUSTRY
2022年動力電池企業(yè)投資及產(chǎn)能
規(guī)劃盤點
來源:24潮
作者:潮一、水鏡
十年河東,十年河西?!叭藗兺鶗吖酪荒甑淖兓餐鶗凸朗甑淖兓?。十年前,全球動力電池
的出貨量也不過2.5GWh,彼時整個動力電池江湖基本都還在日韓等外資廠商的統(tǒng)治之下。歷經(jīng)十余年持續(xù)保持兩
位數(shù)及以上高速增長,2022年1~11月全球動力電池裝機量已達436GWh,距離突破500GWh大關(guān),僅有一步之遙。十
年間,全球動力電池市場規(guī)模增長近200倍!
日期 全球出貨量 同比上一年增長
2013年 2.50 19.05%
2014年 10.02 300.80%
2016年 28.47 184.13%
2017年 40.52 42.33%
2018年 62.35 63.87%
2019年 106.00 10.00%
2020年 158.20 35.68%
2021年 371.00 134.51%
2022年1~11月 436.00 78.00%
十年全球動力電池出貨量/裝機量
(除特別注明外,數(shù)字單位為GWh)
2014~2022年全球動力電池裝機量TOP10
數(shù)據(jù)來源:24潮
在產(chǎn)業(yè)高速發(fā)展的十年間,動力電池江湖
“戰(zhàn)火” 紛起,群雄逐鹿,市場版圖數(shù)次生
變,終成今日之局。
如今有寧王之稱的寧德時代已經(jīng)連續(xù)6年雄
踞全球動力電池霸主之位,且以其為代表的中資
企業(yè)已經(jīng)連續(xù)3年在全球動力電池TOP10中占據(jù)6
個席位。今年1~11月,寧德時代、比亞迪、中
創(chuàng)新航、國軒高科、欣旺達和億緯鋰能等6家中
國動力電池企業(yè)合計占據(jù)全球市場份額的59%,
其中寧德時代、比亞迪市場份額分別達35.8%和
13.1%,位居全球第一、第三位!
遙想當年,動力電池行業(yè)那些篳路藍縷的創(chuàng)
業(yè)者和觀察者,誰又能想到中國動力電池產(chǎn)業(yè)會
有今日的地位和成就?
排序 2022年1~11月 2021年 2020年 2019年
1 寧德時代 寧德時代 寧德時代 寧德時代
2 LG新能源 LG新能源 LG新能源 松下
3 比亞迪 松下 松下 LG新能源
4 松下 比亞迪 比亞迪 比亞迪
5 SK On SK On 三星SDI 三星SDI
16 洲際蓄電池
INDUSTRY 行業(yè)動態(tài)
6 三星SDI 三星SDI SKI AESC
7 中創(chuàng)新航 中創(chuàng)新航 中創(chuàng)新航 國軒高科
8 國軒高科 國軒高科 遠景動力 力神
9 欣旺達 遠景動力 國軒高科 億緯鋰能
10 億緯鋰能 蜂巢能源 億緯鋰能 SKI
排序 2018年 2017年 2016年 2015年 2014年
1 寧德時代 寧德時代 松下 松下 松下
2 松下 松下 比亞迪 比亞迪 AESC
3 比亞迪 比亞迪 寧德時代 LG化學 LG化學
4 LG新能源 沃特瑪 沃特瑪 AESC 比亞迪
5 AESC LG化學 LG化學 日本鋰能源 日本鋰能源
6 三星SDI 國軒高科 國軒高科 三星SDI 三星SDI
7 國軒高科 三星SDI 力神 Epower 北京普萊德
8 力神 北京國能 比克電池 北京普萊德 -
9 孚能科技 比克電池 三星SDI 中航鋰電 中航鋰電
10 比克電池 孚能科技 中航鋰電 萬向 天能
數(shù)據(jù)來源:SNC Research、起點研究院等,24潮制表
數(shù)據(jù)來源:24潮
綜合各券商及機構(gòu)預(yù)測,未來數(shù)年間全球動
力電池市場需求很可能繼續(xù)保持強勁增長趨勢。
比如興業(yè)證券分析認為,預(yù)計全年新能源車銷量
達到近980萬輛,2025年超2000萬輛,在新能源車
市場高景氣度的背景下,動力電池裝機需求同步
上升。今年全球動力電池需求預(yù)計將達533GWh,
到2025年將超1200GWh,“十四五” 期間CAGR
達50.8%,正式邁入TWh時代。
而根據(jù)GGII預(yù)測,2025年全球新能源汽車滲
透率將達到25%以上,將帶動全球動力電池出貨
量超過1550GWh。
興業(yè)證券全球動力電池需求及預(yù)測
(除特別注明外,數(shù)字單位為GWh)
日期 國內(nèi)電池需求 海外電池需求 總需求 同比上一年增加
2020年 77.0 80.0 157.1 -
2021年 202.0 143.5 345.5 120%
2022年E 311.0 222.2 533.1 54%
2023年E 402.4 363.0 765.4 44%
2024年E 487.7 487.2 974.8 27%
2025年E 591.0 635.0 1226.1 26%
寧德時代掌門人曾毓群此前更是預(yù)測,到
2030年,全球動力電池裝車量將達到4800GWh,
若1GWh的電池值10億元,那么屆時動力電池市場
將是一塊價值近5萬億的 “蛋糕”。
超十年的趨勢增長以及極為樂觀的市場情緒
徹底點燃了企業(yè)的投資熱情,2022年以來甚至出
現(xiàn)一輪堪稱瘋狂的投資擴張競賽,投資金額以萬
億計!
據(jù)24潮團隊統(tǒng)計,2022年至今,30余家企
業(yè)對外至少發(fā)布了82個動力電池投資計劃,其
中單個項目投資預(yù)算在100億元以上的項目就
多達46個。這82個動力電池項目總產(chǎn)能合計超
2000GWh,而總投資預(yù)算更是超10000億元。
洲際蓄電池 17
行業(yè)動態(tài) INDUSTRY
2022年至今六大巨頭鋰電戰(zhàn)略投資布局目錄
(除特別注明外,金額單位為人民幣億元)
排序 項目名稱 投資預(yù)算 所屬公司
1 150GWh鋰電池產(chǎn)業(yè)園項目 675 楚能新能源
2 楚能150GWh新能源電池產(chǎn)業(yè)園項目 600 楚能新能源
3 新能源電池全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈項目 517
恩捷股份
億緯鋰能
華友控股
云文化
4 建設(shè)100GWh動力電池系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)線 不超過73.4億歐元 寧德時代
5 高端動力電池生產(chǎn)、零碳汽車技術(shù)研究等五大項目 480 遠景集團
6 年產(chǎn)100GWh鋰電池項目 450 楚能新能源
7 印度尼西亞動力電池產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈項目 不超過59.68億美元 寧德時代
8 100GWh固態(tài)鋰電池項目 400 衛(wèi)藍新能源
9 50GWh碳酸鐵鋰圓柱形電芯產(chǎn)業(yè)園項目 300 航天鋰電
10 分期建設(shè)42GWh動力電池項目 300 吉利科技集團
11 年產(chǎn)30GWh動力電池和年產(chǎn)10萬噸電池級碳酸鋰等項目 285 比亞迪
12 動力電池制造及西南研發(fā)基地項目 220 蜂巢能源
13 年產(chǎn)20GWh三元鋰電池和電極材料項目 220 遠景集團
14 義烏新能源動力電池基地項目 213 欣旺達
15 年產(chǎn)50GWh動力儲能電池生產(chǎn)基地和成都研究院 200 億緯鋰能
16 50GWh動力電池及儲能系統(tǒng)廣州基地項目 200 中創(chuàng)新航
17 50GWh動力電池及儲能系統(tǒng)江門基地項目 200 中創(chuàng)新航
18 蜂巢達州鋰電零碳產(chǎn)業(yè)園項目 170 蜂巢能源
19 美國大型電芯和電池組工廠(30GWh) 20億美元 遠景集團
20 洛陽新能源電池生產(chǎn)基地項目 不超過140億元 寧德時代
21 濟寧新能源電池產(chǎn)業(yè)基地項目 不超過140億元 寧德時代
22 南寧年產(chǎn)45GWh電池項目 140 比亞迪
23 廈門時代新能源電池產(chǎn)業(yè)基地項目 不超過130億元 寧德時代
24 20GWh方形磷酸鐵鋰電池和48GWh動力儲能電池項目 126 億緯鋰能
25 欣旺達30GWh動力電池生產(chǎn)基地項目 120 欣旺達
26 武漢基地動力及儲能電池擴產(chǎn)項目 120 中創(chuàng)新航
27 30GWh動力電池生產(chǎn)基地 120
欣旺達
東風集團
東風鴻泰
28 電池項目 120 創(chuàng)明新能源
29 自主電池產(chǎn)業(yè)化建設(shè) 109 廣汽集團
30 25GWh鋰電池制造項目 105 上海百予
31 動力與儲能鋰電池及系統(tǒng)項目 103 瑞浦能源
32 耀寧12GWh磷酸鐵鋰電池及系統(tǒng)總成項目 102.3 浙江耀寧科技有限公司
33 建設(shè)20GWh鋰電子電池生產(chǎn)基地 100.04
得壹能源
(實控人奇瑞汽車)
34 武漢30GWh動力電池及零部件項目 100.00 比亞迪
35 襄陽30GWh動力電池及零部件項目 100.00 比亞迪
36 年產(chǎn)30GWh新型鋰電池生產(chǎn)制造基地 -- 贛鋒鋰業(yè)
37 年產(chǎn)30GWh新能源電池項目 -- 孚能科技
38 捷威動力武漢新能源30GWh電池基地項目 -- 捷威動力
39 20GWh動力電池及儲能系統(tǒng)眉山基地項目 100 中創(chuàng)新航
40 年產(chǎn)22GWh動力電池項目 100 蜂巢能源
41 20GWh鋰電池生產(chǎn)基地項目 100 捷威動力
18 洲際蓄電池
INDUSTRY 行業(yè)動態(tài)
42 楚能新能源電池項目 100 楚能新能源
43 年產(chǎn)20GWh磷酸鐵鋰電池項目 100 浙江耀寧科技有限公司
44 天勁新能源20GWh動力電池及配套產(chǎn)業(yè)項目 100 天勁新能源
45 40GWh儲能與動力電池項目 100 億緯鋰能
46 年產(chǎn)20GWh新型鋰電池研發(fā)及生產(chǎn)基地項目 96 贛鋒鋰業(yè)
47 動力電池儲能鋰電池產(chǎn)能建設(shè)項目 85 億緯鋰能
48 欣旺達什邡動力電池和儲能產(chǎn)業(yè)生產(chǎn)基地項目 80 欣旺達
49 中創(chuàng)新航武漢三期20GWh新能源汽車動力電池項目 80 中創(chuàng)新航
50 年產(chǎn)22GWh刀片電池項目 -- 比亞迪
51 蜂巢能源上饒基地二期20GWh動力電池項目 -- 蜂巢能源
52 10GWh~20GWh新能源動力電池生產(chǎn)工廠 --
江淮汽車
比亞迪
浙儲能源集團
安凱客車
53 西安年產(chǎn)12GWh新型動力電池項目 70 比亞迪
54 年產(chǎn)10GWh半固態(tài)鋰電池生產(chǎn)基地 70 --
55 動力電池二期年產(chǎn)10GWh新型鋰電池項目 62 贛鋒鋰業(yè)
56 蜂巢能源年產(chǎn)15GWh動力鋰電池項目 56 蜂巢能源
57 年產(chǎn)20GWh動力電池系統(tǒng)項目 55
青山實業(yè)
上汽集團
58 23GWh圓柱磷酸鐵鋰儲能電池項目 55.1 億緯鋰能
59 高性能動力鋰電池項目 52.56 孚能科技
60 21GWh大圓柱乘用車動力電池項目 52.03 億緯鋰能
61 年產(chǎn)15GWh儲能及動力鋰電池項目 51.7 天能股份
62 10GWh鋰電池研發(fā)制造基地項目 50 派能科技
63 高性能鋰離子電池項目 50 春蘭集團
64 16GWh動力電池項目 50 星恒電源
65 新能源動力電池包項目 50 金彭集團
66 年產(chǎn)10GWh動力電池基地項目 48 國軒高科
67 巨灣技研建設(shè)電池生產(chǎn)基地 36.9 廣汽集團
68 年產(chǎn)6GWh新型鋰電池生產(chǎn)項目 35 贛鋒鋰業(yè)
69 10GWh動力儲能電池項目 30 億緯鋰能
70 年產(chǎn)10GWh動力儲能電池項目 30 億緯鋰能
71 年產(chǎn)6GWh高端聚合物軟包鋰離子動力電池項目 30
深圳市厚鼎能源科技有限
公司
72 蜂巢能源南京溧水一期動力電池項目 26 蜂巢能源
73 欣旺達高性能圓柱鋰離子電池項目 23 欣旺達
74 新建10GWh圓柱鋰電池制造項目 2.8億美元 蔚藍鋰芯
75 年產(chǎn)6億只圓柱鋰離子電池及電池組項目 20
惠州道一能源科技有限公
司
76
電化學儲能與動力電池產(chǎn)業(yè)共性技術(shù)研發(fā)及創(chuàng)新服務(wù)平
臺 2.36億美元 億緯鋰能
77 新型電池產(chǎn)業(yè)園(2GWh)項目 10.89 鑫科材料
78 鋰離子電池生產(chǎn)建設(shè)項目 10.16 易成新能
79 超寬溫區(qū)超長壽命鋰離子電池項目 10 永興材料
80 動力電池研發(fā)中心 6.99 億緯鋰能
81 鋰離子動力電池(2.42GWh)建設(shè)項目 5.06 達志科技
82 年產(chǎn)能12GWh磷酸鐵鋰動力電池線及相關(guān)配套設(shè)施 -- 吉利科技集團
合計 超10000億
數(shù)據(jù)來源:24潮
洲際蓄電池 19
行業(yè)動態(tài) INDUSTRY
數(shù)據(jù)來源:24潮
不過,對于電池產(chǎn)能的急劇膨脹,中國科學
院院士歐陽明高在2022年中國電動汽車百人會論
壇上曾表達對產(chǎn)能過剩的擔憂。
他認為,基于產(chǎn)業(yè)投資信息預(yù)測,我國電
池產(chǎn)能在2023年可能達到1500GWh,2025年可能
達到3000GWh,電池出貨量2025年預(yù)計會達到
1200GWh,其中約百分之八十會用于國內(nèi)市場,
百分之二十出口海外市場,預(yù)計2025年會出現(xiàn)電
池產(chǎn)能過剩。
事實上,綜合產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢以及各企業(yè)產(chǎn)能
規(guī)劃情況,未來動力電池領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)嚴重產(chǎn)能過剩
幾乎已成定局,而產(chǎn)能過剩的時點與競爭慘烈程
度可能將超乎所有人的想象。
比如24潮團隊綜合各券商及企業(yè)公告等數(shù)據(jù)
發(fā)現(xiàn),全球17家動力電池企業(yè)預(yù)計到2022年底產(chǎn)
能合計將近1600GWh,僅這17家動力電池企業(yè)到
2025年產(chǎn)能規(guī)劃高達5868GWh。這近乎是2021年
全球動力電池總需求量的16.98倍!
16家動力電池企業(yè)產(chǎn)能及規(guī)劃情況
(除特別注明外,數(shù)字單位為GWh)
排序 公司 2025年 2022年電池產(chǎn)能
1 寧德時代 900 496.6
2 蜂巢能源 600 6.99(2022年6月末)
3 比亞迪 600 285
4 LG新能源 522 195
5 欣旺達 500 37.6
6 中創(chuàng)新航 500 35
7 楚能新能源 350 --
8 國軒高科 300 100
9 遠景動力 300 --
10 松下 229 131
11 SKI 222 77
12 億緯鋰能 200 107(83權(quán)益產(chǎn)能)
13 瑞普能源 200 32
14 Northvolt 126 --
15 孚能科技 120 12.92
16 捷威動力 100 --
17 三星SDI* 99 50
總計 5868 近1600
*注:三星SDI為2024年產(chǎn)能規(guī)劃,楚能新能源產(chǎn)能規(guī)劃是根據(jù)已披露投資項目
信息來源:公司公告、公開報道、東吳證券等券商報告
而全球動力電池產(chǎn)業(yè)玩家遠遠不止于上述17
家企業(yè),根據(jù)中國汽車動力電池產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新聯(lián)盟統(tǒng)
計,2022年1~11月我國共計51家動力電池企業(yè)實
現(xiàn)裝車配套,當前除了原有動力電池巨頭持續(xù)加
大投資外,很多汽車巨頭也在動力電池領(lǐng)域投入
重兵,試圖重塑產(chǎn)業(yè)新格局。
比如據(jù)24潮不完全統(tǒng)計,近4年間吉利系對外
至少公布了15個重大投資規(guī)劃,動力電池產(chǎn)能規(guī)
劃超400GW,總投資預(yù)算超2000億元。此外,諸
如廣汽集團、上汽集團等汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)巨頭也都投入
百億資金入局動力電池,若考慮全球范圍內(nèi)其他
產(chǎn)業(yè)巨頭發(fā)展規(guī)劃,2025年全球動力電池企業(yè)產(chǎn)
能規(guī)劃很可能將超8000GWh,而這是上述興業(yè)證
券預(yù)測2025年總需求(1226.1GWh)的6.52倍!
20 洲際蓄電池
INDUSTRY 行業(yè)動態(tài)
吉利系近四年電池產(chǎn)能布局目錄
部分動力電池企業(yè)海外收入及占比情況
(除特別注明外,金額單位為人民幣億元)
日期 項目地點 投資預(yù)算億元 項目規(guī)劃產(chǎn)能GWh 投資主體
2019年 武漢 80 10 湖北戈馳
吉利衡遠新能源
2020年 宜賓 80 12 時代吉利
2020年 -- -- 120 吉利科技集團孚能科技
2021年 贛州 300 42 吉利科技集團耀能
2021年 棗莊 100 30 吉利集團欣旺達
2021年 岳陽 103.7 12 耀寧科技
2021年 重慶兩江新區(qū) 100 12 吉利科技集團馳航
2021年 上饒 50 -- 吉利星能數(shù)字科技
2022年 鷹潭 100 20 耀寧科技
2022年 桐廬 100 12 吉利科技集團
2022年 鹽城 102 12 耀寧科技
2022年 衢州 -- 24 極電新能源
2022年 鷹潭 100 20 耀寧科技
2022年 贛州 300 42 吉利科技集團
2022年 宣城 -- 12 吉利科技集團
總計 超2000億元 超400GWh
數(shù)據(jù)來源:24潮
數(shù)據(jù)來源:24潮
筆者認為,越是激烈的產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭格局越是考
驗企業(yè)全球化拓展的能力,在未來新的競爭格局
中,只有真正實現(xiàn)全球化戰(zhàn)略布局的企業(yè),才更
可能在殘酷的產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭中存活下來,這樣的企業(yè)
更具有持續(xù)發(fā)展壯大的基因。
然而,現(xiàn)實卻是,目前國內(nèi)動力電池企業(yè)
看似強大的外表下,卻難掩 “過于依賴國內(nèi)市
場,海外開拓力不足” 等弱點及現(xiàn)象。
比如24潮團隊對比目前動力電池領(lǐng)域部分核
心玩家數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn),除了寧德時代海外收入突破百
億大關(guān)外,諸如國軒高科、中創(chuàng)新航、蜂巢能源
等產(chǎn)業(yè)巨頭海外收入不過數(shù)千萬元,或數(shù)億元而
已,海外銷售占比均不足以10%,以2022年上半
年數(shù)據(jù)為例,寧德時代海外收入達222.54億元,
這較國軒高科、中創(chuàng)新航和蜂巢能源之和還要高
出23.70倍!可謂一騎絕塵。
年份 寧德時代 國軒高科 中創(chuàng)新航 蜂巢能源
2017年 3.03
1.52%
1.51
3.12% -- --
2018年 7.88
2.66%
0.46
0.90% -- --
2019年 17.02
3.72%
0.22
0.45%
1.27
7.32%
0.00
0.00%
2020年 72.41
14.39%
1.59
2.36%
1.42
5.02%
0.03
0.16%
2021年 272.42
20.90%
5.28
5.10%
1.75
2.57%
0.86
1.92%
2022年上半年 222.54
19.70%
7.72
8.94%
0.59
1.51%
0.70
1.87%
注:圖表內(nèi)上方數(shù)據(jù)為海外收入。下方數(shù)據(jù)為占比。
洲際蓄電池 21
行業(yè)動態(tài) INDUSTRY
國內(nèi)部分動力電池企業(yè)海外建廠情況
而這明顯與海外市場發(fā)展趨勢與產(chǎn)業(yè)預(yù)期有
著強烈的反差。
根據(jù)美國總統(tǒng)拜登簽署的行政令,要求2030
年末實現(xiàn)美國銷售汽車中半數(shù)為新能源汽車的目
標;此外,歐盟委員會通過了2035年禁售燃油車
的決議。目前,歐洲境內(nèi)約有140萬輛電動汽車
在路上行駛。歐盟的目標是到2030年要讓3000萬
輛電動汽車上路,是現(xiàn)有規(guī)模的20倍以上。
為了搶占新能源汽車賽道的主動權(quán)。2022年
8月16日,拜登《通脹削減法案》法案出臺,進
一步限制中國動力電池出口美國?!锻浵鳒p法
案》內(nèi)容中對電動汽車的補貼措施成為關(guān)注的重
點,法案對可獲得美國政府稅收補貼的新能源汽
車做了明確規(guī)定:車輛需在北美組裝,且轎車售
價低于5.5萬美元,SUV低于8萬美元。其次是對
電池的要求,所使用動力電池原材料需滿足一定
比例產(chǎn)自美國或與美國簽訂有自由貿(mào)易協(xié)議的國
家,或是在北美境內(nèi)回收的,可享受3750美元稅
收減免,約合人民幣2.7萬元。動力電池零部件
在北美生產(chǎn)或組裝比例符合規(guī)定的,可同時享受
3750美元稅收減免。
而使用來自 “外國敏感實體” 電池的新能
源汽車也無法獲得任何補貼。中國、俄羅斯、
朝鮮、伊朗四國被列為 covered nation,而任何
受這四國政府影響的企業(yè)均屬于 “外國敏感實
體”,也就是說,所有中國企業(yè)都受該條款影
響。
為破此局,搶奪更多的海外市場份額,目前
多家中國動力電池巨頭也紛紛加大了海外投資及
開拓力度。據(jù)24潮團隊不完全統(tǒng)計,目前僅寧
德時代、蜂巢能源、億緯鋰能、國軒高科、遠景
動力等5家企業(yè)對外公布了近20個海外工廠建設(shè)
計劃,地區(qū)主要集中在美國、英國、德國、匈牙
利、印尼、馬來西亞、日本、西班牙等國家和地
區(qū)。產(chǎn)能規(guī)劃超400GWh,總投資預(yù)算已突破千
億元。
可以預(yù)見的是,未來在全球范圍內(nèi)動力電池
江湖新老玩家之間必將還有一場惡戰(zhàn)。
企業(yè) 海外基地 投資預(yù)算 產(chǎn)能規(guī)劃
寧德時代
德國圖林根州工廠 18億歐元
寧德時代首座海外工廠
規(guī)劃產(chǎn)能14GWh
今年4月獲得電芯生產(chǎn)許可
匈牙利德布勒森工廠 不超過73.4億歐元 建設(shè)100GWh動力電池系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)線
印尼工廠與ANTAM、IBI聯(lián)
合投資 不超過59.68億美元
紅土鎳礦開發(fā)(投資2.26億美元)
鎳鐵生產(chǎn)線(投資18.12億美元)
鎳鈷中間品生產(chǎn)線(15.31億美元)
廢舊電池回收生產(chǎn)線(1.14億美元)
三元正極材料生產(chǎn)線(6.47億美元)
三元電池生產(chǎn)線(16.38億美元)
蜂巢能源
德國薩爾州工廠 20億歐元
蜂巢能源首座海外工廠
規(guī)劃產(chǎn)能24GWh
預(yù)計2023年底投產(chǎn)
德國勃蘭登堡州工廠 --規(guī)劃產(chǎn)能16GWh
預(yù)計2025年投產(chǎn)
22 洲際蓄電池
INDUSTRY 行業(yè)動態(tài)
億緯鋰能
匈牙利德布勒森工廠 --
今年3月公布計劃在匈牙利購地建立動
力電池制造廠
生產(chǎn)一種新型圓柱形動力電池
馬來西亞工廠 不超過4.22億美元
新建21799型三元圓柱電池生產(chǎn)能力以
支持配套馬來西亞及東南亞地區(qū)電動兩
輪車及電動工具制造企業(yè)
國軒高科
德國哥廷根工廠 --規(guī)劃產(chǎn)能20GWh
預(yù)計2025年投產(chǎn)
美國密歇根州工廠 23.6億美元
密歇根州當?shù)孛襟w《底特律新聞》報道
工廠將于2030年完工
預(yù)計每年生產(chǎn)15萬噸電池正極材料和5
萬噸負極材料
越南工廠
與越南VinES聯(lián)合投資--
新工廠一期規(guī)劃年產(chǎn)能5GWh
預(yù)計2023年末投產(chǎn)
將成為越南第一座磷酸鐵鋰電池工廠
泰國工廠
與泰國PTT旗下公司Nuovo Plus聯(lián)合
投資
1.2億元 鋰離子動力電池的Pack生產(chǎn)線
預(yù)計2023年第四季度投產(chǎn)
遠景動力
美國田納西州工廠 --
北美首座電池工廠
2012年投產(chǎn)運營
工廠當前產(chǎn)能3GWh計劃年產(chǎn)能12GWh
美國肯塔基州工廠 20億美元 規(guī)劃產(chǎn)能30GWh,2025年量產(chǎn)主要為梅
賽德斯-奔馳配套
美國南卡羅來納州工廠 8.1億美元 規(guī)劃產(chǎn)能30GWh,2026年量產(chǎn)主要為寶
馬配套
日本神奈川縣工廠 -- 規(guī)劃產(chǎn)能2.6GWh
日本茨城縣工廠 --規(guī)劃產(chǎn)能18GWh
一期將于2024年投產(chǎn)
英國桑德蘭工廠 --年產(chǎn)能1.9GWh
投產(chǎn)于2012年
英國桑德蘭工廠
與日產(chǎn)汽車聯(lián)合投資 約14億美元 到2030年產(chǎn)能將達到25GWh并具備實現(xiàn)
35GWh的擴容潛力
法國杜埃工廠 約29億美元 到2030年產(chǎn)能將達到24GWh并具備實現(xiàn)
40GWh的擴容潛力
西班牙工廠 25億歐元 規(guī)劃產(chǎn)能30GWh計劃2025年投產(chǎn)
數(shù)據(jù)來源:24潮
寧德時代董秘在投資者關(guān)系平臺上曾表示,
1GW動力電池的投資在3~5億元。根據(jù)各企業(yè)產(chǎn)
能規(guī)劃,未來數(shù)年間投入的資金數(shù)以萬億計。
未來企業(yè)一切競爭的背后更多的是資源與資
本的較量,沒有雄厚的資金支撐,再宏偉的戰(zhàn)略
規(guī)劃也不過是紙上談兵。
而筆者認為,最能反應(yīng)當前企業(yè)資本實力的
指標是資金凈值(現(xiàn)金及現(xiàn)金等價物-短期有息
債務(wù)),根據(jù)企業(yè)相關(guān)公告披露,截止目前(9
月末),十大動力電池企業(yè)資金凈值合計約為
2203億元,其中資本多掌控在少數(shù)寡頭手中,
其中寧德時代是唯一一家突破千億的動力電池企
洲際蓄電池 23
行業(yè)動態(tài) INDUSTRY
*蜂巢能源數(shù)據(jù)截止6月末,中創(chuàng)新航/LG新能源數(shù)據(jù)截止3月末
數(shù)據(jù)來源:24潮
業(yè),第二名是比亞迪,資金凈值達309.63億元。
當然,根據(jù)他們現(xiàn)有的資金儲備還難以支撐
其未來產(chǎn)能雄心。未來我們需要重點關(guān)注企業(yè)資
本運作手段及進展,其未來融資成本,將事關(guān)全
局戰(zhàn)略得失。
十大動力電池企業(yè)9月末資金凈值對比
(除特別注明外,金額單位為人民幣億元)
動力電池結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新年鑒
排序 公司 資產(chǎn)凈值 同比上一年增長
1 寧德時代 1380.63 91.04%
2 比亞迪 309.63 410.10%
3 蜂巢能源 149.81 --
4 LG新能源 119.32 --
5 國軒高科 72.33 396.92%
6 欣旺達 59.73 353.20%
7 孚能科技 46.71 2.59%
8 中創(chuàng)新航 31.60 --
9 億緯鋰能 20.62 -24.19%
10 瑞普蘭鈞 12.74 --
縱觀中國動力電池產(chǎn)業(yè)十年發(fā)展史,從產(chǎn)業(yè)
跟隨者做到全球 “第一”,這無疑是一部不屈
不撓的奮斗史,也更是一部永不停歇的創(chuàng)新史。
回過頭看,無論產(chǎn)業(yè)如何跌宕,動力電池得
以不斷前進、不斷發(fā)展壯大的核心動力,終究源
于技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。
“過去10年內(nèi),行業(yè)不斷創(chuàng)新,動力電池能
量密度的增長帶來了續(xù)航里程6至7倍的提升,同
時成本也下降了8成?!?在2022世界動力電池大
會上曾毓群曾如此說道……
時間 產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新 應(yīng)用案例
2019年 蜂巢能源疊片電池工藝 --
2019年 寧德時代CTP1.0 北汽新能源EU5車型
2020年 比亞迪刀片電池 首搭車型為比亞迪中大型高端轎車比亞迪漢
2020年 國軒高科JTM集成科技 --
2020年 特斯拉4680電池 特斯拉德州工廠生產(chǎn)的Model Y
2021年 廣汽彈匣電池 廣汽AION Y為首搭車型
AION V PLUS、AION S PLUS等同樣予以應(yīng)用
2021年 長城汽車大禹電池 首發(fā)車型為沙龍機甲龍
2022年起長城旗下車型將全面應(yīng)用
2021年 中航鋰電one-stop電池 原預(yù)計于2022年6月推向市場
2021年 寧德時代CTP2.0 蔚來系列75kWh電池包
2022年 零跑CTC方案 零跑旗下全球首款CTC技術(shù)量產(chǎn)轎——零跑C01
2022年 比亞迪CTB 首搭車型為比亞迪海豹
2022年 上汽魔方電池 上汽MG MULAN等上汽星云純電專屬系統(tǒng)化平臺開發(fā)的車型
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編輯/薛時幸(xueshixing@zj998.com)
24 洲際蓄電池
INDUSTRY 行業(yè)動態(tài)
盤點2022年國內(nèi)各類電池核心公司
來源:Datayes、光伏儲能網(wǎng)
鋰電池產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈及核心公司
釩電池產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈及核心公司
本文整理了鋰電池、鈉電池、釩電池、固態(tài)電池等電池產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈及核心公司,以供大家參考。
鋰電產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈投資標的梳理
環(huán)節(jié) 公司 環(huán)節(jié) 公司 環(huán)節(jié) 公司
礦石提鋰
贛鋒鋰業(yè)
負極材料
璞泰來 銅箔 諾德股份
天齊鋰業(yè) 中科電氣 嘉元科技
盛新鋰能 翔豐華
動力電池
寧德時代
永興材料 中國寶安 國軒高科
鹽湖提鋰 鹽湖股份 杉杉股份 億緯理能
科達制造
電解液
多氟多 孚能科技
氫氧化鋰
雅化集團 天賜材料 欣旺達
天華超凈 新宙邦
電控
匯川技術(shù)
中礦資源 江蘇國泰 麥格米特
鈷 寒銳鈷業(yè) 石大勝華 正海磁材
華友鈷業(yè) VC 永太科技 電機 臥龍電驅(qū)
三元正極與前驅(qū)體
格林美 奧克股份 電機扁線 精達股份
中偉股份
隔膜
恩捷股份 充電樁 特銳德
容百科技 星源材質(zhì) 繼電器 宏發(fā)股份
當升科技 中材科技 熱管理 三花智控
磷酸鐵
富臨精工 導電劑 天奈科技
川恒股份
結(jié)構(gòu)件
科達利
川發(fā)龍蟒 震裕科技
云天化 長盈精密
磷酸鐵鋰 德方納米 斯萊克
釩電池產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈及相關(guān)上市公司
所屬行業(yè) 證券代碼 證券名稱 具體布局
釩資源及釩產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)
000629.SZ 釩鈦股份 與大連融科合作電解液
000709.SZ 河鋼股份 與北京普能合作電解液
002601.SZ 龍佰集團 擬建設(shè)3萬噸五氧化二釩
002145.SZ 中核鈦白 公司與偉力得合資釩電池企業(yè)
600157.SH 永泰能源 收購釩資源,布局釩電池
000567.SZ 海德股份 收購釩資源,布局釩電池
002978.SZ 安寧股份 釩欽鐵精礦含釩
601168.SH 西部礦業(yè) 擁有釩礦資源
釩電池布局企業(yè)
600517.SH 國網(wǎng)英大 子公司武漢南瑞有釩電池業(yè)務(wù)
601727.SH 上海電氣 下屬研究院承接釩電池項目
002534.SZ 西子節(jié)能 子公司浙江國新具備全釩液流電池產(chǎn)能
300080.SZ 易成新能 參股開封時代,布局鋼電池
000822.SZ 山東海化 投資液流儲能
605288.SH 凱迪股份 投資某釩電池企業(yè)
洲際蓄電池 25
行業(yè)動態(tài) INDUSTRY
固態(tài)電池主要布局公司及動態(tài)
復合銅箔產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈及核心公司
國內(nèi)布局固態(tài)電池業(yè)務(wù)的上市公司
證券代碼 證券名稱 相關(guān)布局
002056 橫店東磁 公司在接受調(diào)研時表示,將組織研發(fā)固態(tài)電池,旗下三元動力電池7月份已試生產(chǎn)。
002709 天賜材料 公司目前對固態(tài)電池技術(shù)進行了緊密跟蹤,現(xiàn)階段已開展全固態(tài)電池用固態(tài)電解質(zhì)的初步
研究,目前已有專利布局。
002598 山東章鼓 公司參股的艾諾岡公司基于LNMO+金屬理負極干法電極的固態(tài)電池的能量密度最高可以達
到380Wh/kg。
688005 容百科技 公司已開發(fā)出多款適用于固態(tài)電池的高鎳三元正極材料,所制備的適用于固態(tài)電池的高鎳
三元正極材料及固態(tài)電解質(zhì)達到國際領(lǐng)先水平。
002882 金龍羽 子公司電纜實業(yè)擬在五年內(nèi)投入不超過一億元人民幣與錦添翼共同進行固態(tài)電池$其關(guān)鍵材
料相關(guān)技術(shù)的研究開發(fā)并推動研究成果產(chǎn)業(yè)化。
002091 江蘇國泰 公司下屬企業(yè)有涉及固態(tài)電池部分相關(guān)電解質(zhì)的研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)和銷售業(yè)務(wù)。
600884 杉杉股份 公司將從全固態(tài)電池鉆酸鋰正極材料開始研發(fā),逐步對全固態(tài)電池材料進行全面布局:同時
亦側(cè)重對半固態(tài)及全固態(tài)電池電解質(zhì)的研發(fā)。
002466 天齊鋰業(yè) 公司主要通過投資進行介入,目前通過成都天齊持有北京衛(wèi)藍新能源科技有限公司5%的股
權(quán),通過天齊鋰業(yè)香港持有SES Holdings Pte.Ltd10.83%的股權(quán)
002460 贛鋒鋰業(yè) 公司正在開展對固態(tài)鉀電池的廣泛研究
002733 雄韜股份 公司注重新型產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)儲備和新產(chǎn)品的商業(yè)化,加大投入對鋅離子電池鋁空氣電池、燃
料電池、固態(tài)電池及新型動力鉀電池和電池系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品的研發(fā),保持產(chǎn)品競爭優(yōu)勢。
002074 國軒高科 公司已在研發(fā)固態(tài)電池及固態(tài)電解質(zhì)。
002340 格林美 公司開發(fā)了“表面納米鍍層高傳導高鎳前驅(qū)體制造核心技術(shù)”等多項與質(zhì)態(tài)電池健鏈的前
驅(qū)體制造技術(shù)。
601127 小康股份 公司參股的TeraWatt Technology,致力于研究固態(tài)電池相關(guān)技術(shù)。
688567 孚能科技 公司是廣汽埃安現(xiàn)有及后續(xù)車型的主要供應(yīng)商,公司一直都有固態(tài)電池技術(shù)儲備。
002244 濱江集團 公司持有PLG公司11%的股份,PLG即為臺灣做固態(tài)電池的耀能科技。
300317 珈偉新能 子公司珈偉隆能量產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品為類固態(tài)電池。
600733 北汽藍谷 公司開展了固態(tài)電池的技術(shù)預(yù)研開發(fā)工作,目前已經(jīng)進行了 C 樣件的開發(fā),循環(huán)壽命測試
效果良好。
300073 當升科技 公司固態(tài)鋰電材料已對國內(nèi)外多個客戶送樣,產(chǎn)品性能獲得廣泛認可。
002805 豐元股份 公司與中科院青能所共同成立了中科豐元研究院,在固態(tài)電池、無鉆電池磷酸錳鐵鋰等新
型材料方面都有充分的技術(shù)研發(fā)和儲備。
300068 南都電源 公司與輝能科技就固態(tài)電池生產(chǎn)技術(shù)授權(quán)合作達成初步共識。
300473 德爾股份 公司自主開發(fā)的固態(tài)電池產(chǎn)品已應(yīng)日本本土客戶的需求提供樣品并開展測試、匹配工作。
復合銅箔產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈及相關(guān)公司
產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈 細分領(lǐng)域 主要產(chǎn)品 所涉公司
上游
原材料
銅靶材
PET基膜 雙星新材、東材科技、裕興股份
PP基膜 東材科技
設(shè)備 PVD設(shè)備 振華科技
電鍍設(shè)備 東威科技
中游 復合銅箔制
造 銅箔 諾德股份、嘉元科技、萬順新材、寶明科技、勝利精密、方邦股份、英聯(lián)
股份、銅冠銅箔
下游 電池
動力電池 寧德時代、億緯鋰能
儲能電池 鵬輝能源、派能科技
3C消費電池 欣旺達
26 洲際蓄電池
INDUSTRY 行業(yè)動態(tài)
2022年鋰電行業(yè)八大現(xiàn)象
來源:中國汽車報
作者:張冬梅
2022年即將進入尾聲,談及這一年汽車行業(yè)
的熱門話題,鋰電池可謂穩(wěn)占一席。突然爆發(fā)的市
場需求與短期內(nèi)有限的產(chǎn)能“相撞”,帶來了原材
料價格暴漲、囤積居奇等一系列行業(yè)亂象,同時也
促使電池廠商甚至主機廠出手“搶礦”,上下游企
業(yè)不再“各司其職”,鋰電行業(yè)風起云涌。
01鋰價暴漲逾10倍
新能源汽車發(fā)展如火如荼,對鋰電池相關(guān)產(chǎn)
品的需求不斷增長,碳酸鋰、氫氧化鋰等供不應(yīng)
求,價格一路高漲。以電池級碳酸鋰為例,根據(jù)
野天鵝網(wǎng)的跟蹤統(tǒng)計,2020年其價格僅為4萬~5萬
元/噸,2021年初達到7.2萬元,而至2021年底已漲
至28萬元/噸。進入2022年,電池級碳酸鋰價格繼
續(xù)快速上漲,3月一度突破50萬元/噸大關(guān),之后
略有回落,但8月下旬再次開啟上漲模式,11月一
度逼近60萬元/噸大關(guān),目前約為57萬元/噸。也就
是說,與2020年相比,電池級碳酸鋰價格在兩年
內(nèi)暴漲逾十倍。
全球范圍內(nèi)鋰礦資源儲量并不低,但分布不
均,長期以來,中國鋰電行業(yè)不得不依賴進口來
滿足巨大的市場需求。再加上,上游鋰礦此前受
疫情影響擴產(chǎn)乏力,而下游受電動化浪潮推動需
求大漲,多種因素疊加導致鋰價暴漲。
02囤積居奇、哄抬價格釀人禍
鋰電行業(yè)價格暴漲的背后,除了供需失衡
的市場因素外,也不乏人為因素。中國汽車工業(yè)
協(xié)會副秘書長陳士華此前指出,本輪原材料價格
超常規(guī)上漲,背離了正常供需關(guān)系,屬于非理性
上漲,存在炒作方為搶抓鋰產(chǎn)能擴張前的最后窗
口期,囤積居奇、蓄意哄抬物價等不正當競爭行
為。在今年11月的一次行業(yè)峰會上,中國汽車工
業(yè)協(xié)會常務(wù)副會長兼秘書長付炳鋒也指出,鋰電
價格暴漲等現(xiàn)象“非常不正?!?、“產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈有收
割現(xiàn)象”。工信部今年多次發(fā)文,要求嚴格查處
鋰電產(chǎn)業(yè)上下游囤積居奇、哄抬價格、不正當競
爭等行為。
在今年各月份的鋰電價格走勢來看,工信部
的查處的確在一定程度上給鋰電行業(yè)降了降溫,
但要從根本上解決問題,還是要在供給端下功
夫,達到供需平衡。
03主機廠和電池廠商“掐架”
原材料價格暴漲的影響,直接向中下游傳
遞,電池價格也水漲船高,汽車主機廠自然深受
其害。在今年7月舉行的2022世界動力電池大會
上,廣汽集團董事長曾慶洪吐槽稱:“動力電池
成本已占到我們汽車的40%~60%,我現(xiàn)在不是給
寧德時代打工嗎?”曾慶洪還指出,大部分新能
源整車廠都處于虧損狀態(tài)。
對此,寧德時代表示不愿背這口鍋。寧德時
代首席科學家吳凱之后隔空回應(yīng)稱,公司在稍有
盈利的邊緣掙扎,而“利潤往哪兒走,大家也可
以想象”,其言外之意不言而喻。寧德時代董事
長曾毓群也直言,上游原材料的炒作帶來了產(chǎn)業(yè)
鏈短期的困擾。
洲際蓄電池 27
行業(yè)動態(tài) INDUSTRY
行業(yè)動態(tài)
閱讀本文完整內(nèi)容
【 掃碼!】
編輯/薛時幸(xueshixing@zj998.com)
從主機廠與電池廠商的“商業(yè)互懟”,可以
看出電池產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中下游面臨的壓力之大,或許正
因為如此,無論是主機廠還是電池廠商都開始向
上游布局。
04上游礦商盆滿缽滿
主機廠稱其虧損,電池廠商稱其在盈利的邊
緣掙扎,那么錢去哪兒了?答案可能是:上游。
與主機廠和電池廠商普遍不太樂觀的業(yè)績相比,
上游礦商在2022年可以說是賺得盆滿缽滿。以國
內(nèi)兩大鋰王——天齊鋰業(yè)和贛鋒鋰業(yè)為例,2022
年前三季度,天齊鋰業(yè)凈利潤約為148億元,同比
增長近5倍;贛鋒鋰業(yè)凈利潤為160億元,同比增
長近30倍。
西藏礦業(yè)、融捷股份、盛新鋰能等公司業(yè)績
同樣高歌猛進。國外礦商也一樣。例如,2022年第
三季度,智利鋰礦巨頭SQM的凈利潤大漲近10倍。
鋰資源有一定的稀缺性,下游需求旺盛且是剛
性,下游高位拿貨意愿較大,價格的暴漲推動著過
去不溫不火的礦商“一朝翻身”。礦商亮眼的業(yè)績
想必令主機廠甚至電池廠商感到分外“刺眼”,但
短期內(nèi)這種情形仍會持續(xù),直至供需平衡。
05中下游集體搶礦
在供給緊張的情況下,電池產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中下游企
業(yè)改變了以往的商業(yè)模式,不再“各司其職”,
而是爭相布局上游,搶奪話語權(quán)。寶馬、大眾集
團、Stellantis、雷諾、通用、福特、特斯拉、豐
田等企業(yè)積極下場搶礦,其舉措包括直接入股礦
業(yè)公司或礦業(yè)項目,以及繞過電池廠商直接與礦
商簽訂原材料供應(yīng)合同。
再看國內(nèi),整車企業(yè)和電池廠商,例如寧
德時代、比亞迪等也競相出手,在全球買礦、
采礦、鎖礦。其中,寧德時代正在印尼與兩家當
地企業(yè)合作開采紅土鎳礦。不愿“為寧德時代打
工”的廣汽集團,也于11月宣布聯(lián)手礦商成立合
資公司。
圍繞礦產(chǎn)資源的話語權(quán)之爭,使得中下游企
業(yè)間的界限不再那么分明,越來越多的企業(yè)被卷
入這場追逐戰(zhàn)中。
06主機廠切入電池賽道
當前,不愿“把雞蛋放在一個籃子里”的
主機廠,普遍會選擇數(shù)家電池廠商來保障其供
應(yīng),但從長遠考慮,越來越多的主機廠正在通過
自研、自建、合建、入股等方式切入動力電池領(lǐng)
域,例如特斯拉、大眾集團、梅賽德斯-奔馳、通
用、福特、Stellantis、豐田,以及國內(nèi)的廣汽、
吉利、蔚來、長城等。其中,今年11月,吉利電
池項目簽約宜春,小鵬汽車斥資50億元新設(shè)動力
電池公司,小米再投資一家鋰電材料企業(yè)。
持續(xù)飆升的成本,不斷弱化的話語權(quán),推
動著一家又一家車企親自下場造電池,期望實現(xiàn)
“電池自由”。當然,這要投入足夠多的錢,還
要考慮到技術(shù)問題。為此,從現(xiàn)實角度出發(fā),更
多車企采取的是采購+自研的雙軌并行。
07廢舊電池成“香餑餑”
在新能源汽車發(fā)展過程中,廢舊電池的回收
再利用被屢屢提及,但一直沒有得到企業(yè)重視,
直至電池原材料價格飆漲,廢舊電池瞬間變寶,
回收價格也直線攀升??吹健坝欣蓤D”后,不
僅是第三方回收企業(yè),電池廠商和主機廠也紛
紛下場,布局廢舊電池的回收再利用,且加快了
技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,以提高回收率。相關(guān)企業(yè)包括大眾集
團、梅賽德斯-奔馳、寶馬、通用……
28 洲際蓄電池
編者按
成功監(jiān)控和響應(yīng)市場變化的企業(yè),能夠從激烈的競爭中脫穎而出并創(chuàng)造競爭優(yōu)勢。為此,《洲際
蓄電池》特推出“趨勢預(yù)測”欄目,搜集市場數(shù)據(jù),通過對市場趨勢相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的處理和分析,對市場
趨勢進行估計和預(yù)測,為企業(yè)提供更有價值的信息,幫助企業(yè)有計劃的針對變化中的市場制定未來發(fā)
展規(guī)劃,從而做出對企業(yè)有利的應(yīng)對之策。
匯聚實時行情
準確把握市場趨勢
TREND
PREDICTION 趨勢預(yù)測
洲際蓄電池 29
高端訪談 INTERVIEW
How can Chinese lead-acid
battery technicians go to the
world arena?
--Interview with Mr. Guo Difeng, Deputy Chief Commander of
Bangladesh RK Power Project Construction
Editor's notes
After a hundred years of development,
lead-acid battery has a very mature
production process and technology
accumulation, a perfect industrial chain,
and nearly 100% recycling rate. Lead-acid
battery has become a synonym for battery.
However, on a global scale, the maturity
of the lead-acid battery industry is unevenly
distributed, whether in terms of equipment,
production technology or talents. Many
countries do not have their own battery
manufacturers and rely on imports. In some
countries, the battery production is still at
the manual level, and its quality and life are
extremely unstable.
I n t h e p a s t 2 0 y e a r s , t h e r a p i d
development of VRLA batteries has made
lead-acid batteries shining again. In
particular, China has become the world's
largest producer and exporter of VRLA
batteries, and its industry is in the forefront
of the world. At the same time, it has also
accumulated a lot of production technology
experience, mature upstream supply chain
and supporting equipment applications, and
trained a large number of lead acid battery
technicians.
Therefore, in recent years, the overseas
market has a large demand for Chinese
battery technicians. There are also groups of
enterprises and technicians who have gone
abroad to promote the power of lead-acid
batteries for the benefit of mankind.
Mr. Guo Difeng, as a Chinese battery
technician who went to the international
market earlier, cooperated with local
enterprises in Bangladesh and was fully
responsible for the planning, construction
and operation of the whole industry chain
from waste battery recycling and smelting
to battery production. Therefore, Mr.
Guo has rich working experience abroad.
Intercontinental Media (Intercontinental
Battery), as a media platform focusing on
the battery industry for many years, it’s a
great honor to invite Mr. Guo to talk about
how Chinese lead-battery technicians go to
30 洲際蓄電池
高端訪談
INTERVIEW 高端訪談
It can be said that it is the combined
effect of independent choice and fate that
makes me embark on the road of lead-acid
battery.
I was born in an ordinary rural family
in Dalian, Liaoning Province.It was a poor
family. When I entered the society for the
first time, my goal was very simple. At that
time, I just wanted to find a job that could
support me, lighten the burden of my parents
as soon as possible, and to subsidize my
family. At that time, China was in the period
of great construction, and the cities were full
of buildings under construction. I followed
my uncle to work as a construction worker
in the construction industry. After several
years of work, I looked at the old bricklayers
of the uncles’ generation. I could not see
any hope in my life. I was really unwilling to
become such a worker in the future. So with
the idea of changing my own destiny, I left
home resolutely and went to Qingdao alone.
Because I left home, I only had 160 yuan
left when I arrived at the Qingdao Railway
Station, and I bumped into the battery
industry by hitting the mark by a fluke.
Now think about it, running away from
home at that time was too radical, and my
parents were worried about me by taking
the world arena. We hoped that the battery
industry peers can find the answer through
the experience of working abroad shared by
Mr. Guo.
1、Mr. Guo, can you introduce
your current work?
At present, I work for Bangladesh
RK Power Technology Co., Ltd., which is
engaged in a construction project from battery
recycling and smelting to battery production.
I am the Deputy Chief Technical Director of
the project construction, fully responsible
for the project planning and construction.
Including the team organization of Chinese
technicians, the command of plant design and
construction, product development, technical
quality management and Chinese personnel
management, etc. That is, in addition to
being responsible for project construction, I
also need to ensure that after the construction
is completed, it can operate normally, which
is a turnkey project.
Bangladesh RK Power Technology
Co., Ltd. is a technology company fully
invested by Bangladeshi capital. It has trade
relations with China for nearly 20 years. For
the project being built by the company, the
first phase capacity is designed to produce
100 tons of secondary lead per day, and
the battery capacity is designed to start
the capacity based on the benchmark of
secondary lead output. The main batteries are
tubular traction batteries, VRLA batteries,
UPS batteries and starting batteries.
2、You've worked in the battery
industry for more than 20 years.
The battery industry has become
your lifelong career. How did you
get involved in the lead-acid battery
industry? And staying for 20 years.
洲際蓄電池 31
高端訪談
高端訪談 INTERVIEW
risks. But I was grateful for the choice at that
time. It was a wrong method, but the choice
was right. I chose not to bow to reality, but
to break through the status quo to change
my destiny. Therefore, it is my choice and
fate that makes me bond with the lead-acid
battery.
How can I persist for 20 years? In
retrospect, I always lament that time is so
fast. I sometimes review and summarize
myself. There are two reasons. First of all, in
terms of macro external factors, it is because
of the good industrial environment of leadacid batteries and their rapid development
over the years, which enable our enterprises
and practitioners to prosper with the industry.
Secondly, internal factors may be the
reason for my personality. I don't think I'm a
talented person, so I have to use the tenacity
and perseverance of \"grinding an iron pestle
into a needle\" to make some achievements.
From the perspective of my career, I have
worked in many positions, from worker to
general manager, from sales to chief engineer,
but I have almost never left the lead-acid
battery industry and have been polishing the
\"needle of lead-acid battery\". Now it seems
that my point is right. The comprehensive
ability I have now is the result of persistent
training.
3、Can you review what you have
experienced on the road of battery
during 20 years?
In 1998, when I left home to Qingdao,
I became an ordinary worker in a battery
factory in Qingdao by chance. Later, I
became an tester, a monitor and a workshop
director one after another because I was
proactive and down-to-earth.
In order to better raising my ability ,
in 2001, I went to Qingdao Aifu Science
and Trade Co., Ltd. as the sales manager,
responsible for the sales of batteries.
During 2002~2006, I worked as the
quality assurance director and workshop
director in several enterprises, and was
responsible for ISO quality management
system certification, industrial production
license certification and CCS certification of
classification societies. From 2007 to 2009,
I began to work as the chief engineer and
deputy general manager of the enterprise,
responsible for the preparation of the new
enterprise, technical quality and production
management, and consulting.
In 2015, I was fortunate to be in charge
of the coordination and commissioning of the
first fully-automatic assembly line in China
in a leading battery enterprise.
In 2017, I began to work abroad. I have
been working in Vientiane Industry Co.,
LTD., Bangladesh, as chief engineer for
4 years, responsible for technical quality
management, new product development,
design, construction, operation and
maintenance of production and material
control management systems.
Since 2021, I have been working on this
project in RK Power Technology Co., Ltd. in
Bangladesh.
4、What do you think of the
current situation of Chinese battery
enterprises and technicians going
32 洲際蓄電池
高端訪談
INTERVIEW 高端訪談
abroad?
This situation is normal and a general
trend.
First, after decades of development,
China's lead-acid battery industry has been
relatively saturated. All walks of life in
China have experienced overcapacity and
oversupply to various degrees. The leadacid battery industry has developed some
applications in new fields and markets.
However, with the increasing automation
of the production process, the industry
intensification is faster and faster, and the
production capacity of the head enterprises is
also growing, leaving less and less space for
small and medium-sized enterprises to dig
deeper.
Second, in the context of increasing
domestic environmental governance efforts,
the environmental protection costs of
enterprises are also increasing. Since the
blood lead incident ten years ago, the state
has made great efforts to control the leadacid battery industry. The introduction of
various standards and regulations related
to environmental protection has led to
higher and higher investment of production
enterprises in environmental protection,
which has resulted in smaller and smaller
living space for SMEs. Therefore, if SMEs
want to survive, going global is undoubtedly
a priority option.
Third, China's lead-acid battery industry
is very mature, but globally, the maturity of
the lead-acid battery industry is extremely
uneven. There is a large demand for Chinese
technical talents abroad. Each country does
not want to rely on imports for all its battery
products, and hopes to vigorously develop its
own local enterprises. However, the reality
is that many countries do not have their
own battery production enterprises and rely
on imports. Even some countries' battery
production technology is still in the manual
stage, leading to extremely unstable quality
and life. Therefore, it is the fastest and most
effective way to introduce mature battery
expert from abroad.
Fourth, for lead-acid battery technicians,
working abroad can first give full play to the
industry skills that have been accumulated
for many years. In addition, we can also
carry forward China's mature production
technology, which will bring us a sense of
personal accomplishment, and the salary will
be higher than that in China.
So I think a large number of enterprises
or individuals go abroad to build factories or
work abroad for the above reasons that.
5、How did you go abroad? How
do you know the current leaders of
Bangladeshi enterprises?
Around October 2017, a battery company
in Bangladesh, in order to improve the
quality and production process of batteries,
the boss of the company found Mr. Peng, a
domestic charger, and hoped to introduce
a suitable technical consultant to them.
Later, he found me. So we got to know each
other and accepted the invitation to work in
Bangladesh.
After arriving in Bangladesh, through
careful understanding in my work, I gradually
realized that it would not take long for this
industry to be localized in Bangladesh.
As it happens, RK started to look for the
person in charge of the Chinese side as early
as 2019 for the current project. In 2020,
the boss of Bangladesh learned about me
through my technical article published in
Intercontinental Battery and inquired about
洲際蓄電池 33
高端訪談
高端訪談 INTERVIEW
my experience and background. Later,
through the introduction of Mr. Yang Jiqiang,
they finally signed a cooperation agreement
and took full charge of their new project.
The political, economic, trade, military
and cultural relations between China
and Bangladesh have been constantly
strengthened and deepened. Under such a
background, my team and I get along well
with Bangladeshi people, both the boss and
middle managers, in terms of work and life.
Mr. Saikat Saha is an excellent entrepreneur
in Bangladesh. He is very modest, and he
also gives great recognition to my work
ability. We have also given enough trust
to the cooperation of the project. Now the
project is progressing smoothly, and we have
become friends.
Therefore, I would like to take this
opportunity to emphatically thank Mr. Yang
Jiqiang, the presenter of my current project.
He was responsible for all the translation
work between me and Mr. Saikat Saha, the
boss of Bangladesh enterprise. At the same
time, I would also like to thank Mr. Peng, my
key person who helped me to go abroad, and
give thanks to my first boss and landlady by
the time I came to Bangladesh. It was their
presence in my life that added a brilliant
supports to my career.
I am always happy to make friends in the
industry. As people who has met me knows,
I never make friends with any utilitarian
purpose. I always adhere to the principle
of \"being cautious, being sincere, making
friends and getting along with each other
with sincerity\". Adhere to the principle that
some people can instruct without reservation,
some people can simply communicate, and
some people must be ignored . If my friend
encounters difficulties and needs my help,
6、You have taken many people
to work abroad or work together on
projects, and you will certainly bear
greater responsibilities and risks! Do
you have a lot of pressure? What is
your driving force?
in case of ask me for help, unless I don't
understand, as long as I understand, I will
say all I know and say it without reserve.
Many industry teachers and apprentices will
have a saying of \"hold back a trick or two\".
But when I teach apprentices and make
friends, I always instruct without reservation.
I think that when you achieve others, you
become a key person, and you will achieve
win-win results.
In the project of RK company that I am
responsible for now, there are many Chinese
technicians who have held some important
positions in the project. They are all my
friends for many years.
34 洲際蓄電池
高端訪談
INTERVIEW 高端訪談
It's true that the pressure is not small,
everyone is coming because of me, and we
can harvest together after doing well. But if I
can't do it well, although my friends generally
won't say anything, because they know that I
am kind and want to lead everyone to develop
together, not to cheat anyone or make money
from them. But I also feel guilty, so I always
have an invisible sense of responsibility and
pressure, which forces me to go all out and
urge me not to slack off. So I know that this
kind of pressure is something I must accept
and adapt. On the contrary, this kind of
pressure is also a driving force, and it is also
beneficial to me personally.
In addition, I can lead friends to develop
together one day, is also my own wish for
many years. I have never forgotten the people
who helped me without reservation, and the
partners who worked with me. Although they
were all poor, but they were able to help and
care for each other. At that time, there was
a wish: to work hard, to be successful, and
one day we must take everyone to develop
together with each other, to witness a broader
world.
7 、 W h a t i s t h e d i f f e r e n c e
between such a new project you are
responsible for and working as a
chief engineer in a mature factory?
What is your biggest pressure for this
project?
There is a big difference. In a mature
factory, the work of the chief engineer
is basically within the scope of R&D,
technology and quality. However, for new
enterprises, I need to be involved in the
whole process from the beginning of the
project to the final production and operation,
and take full control.
First, capacity design, product planning
and equipment planning should be done
according to the actual situation of the
project to provide reliable data support for
the boss's decision. Then I will participate
in the land purchase. After the land is
determined, I will start to plan and design
the plant and infrastructure according to
the actual situation. In this process, water,
electricity, gas, sewage and environmental
protection, fire safety, road traffic, office and
living facilities should be well planned and
designed. In the process of infrastructure
construction, I need to supervise, guide and
check before acceptance the whole process.
In addition, during the procurement of
production equipment, I need to track and
guide the implementation of procurement and
provide technical support for procurement
at any time. At the same time, during this
period, I need to build a good Chinese team,
that is, the Chinese leaders of each section,
who will be teachers in the future. Therefore,
it is necessary to consider the mastery of
technical skills, management ability and
personal behavior. we must have a good
understanding of the special situation here.
Middle and senior managers are composed
of people from two different countries, races
and faiths. This kind of team management is
not a small test for any manager.
In the process of doing this project, I
have full confidence in the applicability
of production technology and process and
production management, so the pressure
in this respect is not great. Take everyone
abroad happily, and we should ensure
that we can bring everyone back safely.
Therefore, the issue of personnel safety is my
biggest pressure. Secondly, in this country
with different beliefs and living habits,
洲際蓄電池 35
高端訪談
高端訪談 INTERVIEW
I need to face front-line employees with
different thinking habits. It is also a great
pressure to let the teachers integrate with
the Bangladeshi employees, so that the skills
they have mastered can be effectively passed
on to Bangladeshi employees and meet the
boss's expectations.
8 、 W h a t d i f f i c u l t i e s a n d
problems will Chinese lead-acid
battery technicians face when going
abroad? What suggestions do you
have for Chinese technicians to work
abroad.
F i r s t , t h e b i g g e s t d i f f i c u l t y i s
communication. Most of the practitioners in
the lead-acid battery industry, especially
the technical talents at the middle and
basic levels, are good at doing things and
solving problems. However, there are certain
weaknesses in communication, and facing
language barrier, so the biggest difficulty is
communication. And because there are a lot
of industry terms, if we don't understand the
translation of the industry again, we will not
be able to express the meaning.
Secondly, due to the difference of
climate and environment, mature domestic
technologies cannot be completely copied.
In the process of practical application,
the seemingly mature process will have
deviations. For example, differences in
temperature, humidity and raw materials
will cause problems in your mature Chinese
process. Therefore, we need to constantly
correct in practice, and require technicians
to know what is and why, so as to be flexible.
Then there are problems in personal life
and psychology, such as eating habits and
customs in other countries. In addition, the
life circle is narrow, leaving the family and
hometown, sometimes lonely and homesick.
As for suggestions on working abroad,
I think the most important is that Chinese
technicians must have a clear and rational
orientation when working abroad. We should
clearly recognize our value and always ask
ourselves: Why do we do this job? Why does
the boss hire me? Don't be arrogant because
you know some skills, and don't hide them.
For the teaching of technology and skills, do
not have the mentality of teaching disciples
to starve to death teacher, and do not want to
\"conceal something\" everywhere. Since the
boss has invited you, this is the value you
should play. If you don't teach, the boss will
invite others. You can't hold onto that skill
for a lifetime. If these problems are not clear,
the work will encounter great resistance and
the road will only narrow.
After working abroad, first of all, we
should try our best to adapt and solve
communication problems, which is the
prerequisite for doing a good job. Use your
terminology and professional knowledge
to influence translators, and let them be as
professional as possible, to form a tacit
partner with you, and learn more of their
language vocabulary if you can, so as to
achieve efficient transmission.
Secondly, we should fully understand
and master the quality of local raw materials,
and clearly understand the direct relationship
between product quality and raw materials.
It is forbidden to copy mechanically. The
36 洲際蓄電池
高端訪談
INTERVIEW 高端訪談
process and quality standards should
be used flexibly. In practice, we need
to constantly correct it, and we need to
know the principle, so that we can grasp it
flexibly.Quality standards and production
process specifications must be formulated
in combination with the use environment of
products.
In terms of personal life and mental
health, foreign countries are not as
convenient as domestic countries. We should
be able to actively accept and treat all the
differences with China, fully understand and
deal with these differences, and then find out
the different interesting points. It is also a
good experience to live in a foreign country.
It is also meaningful and rewarding to respect
and earnestly understand their culture,
local customs and practices. In addition,
because the interpersonal relationship and
entertainment are not as much as those in
China, you may as well use the time you have
now to learn and recharge, or even learn the
local language, to help in advance for future
development.
9、You have done sales, technical
research, enterprise management,
quality system construction and
certification, and published many
technical articles, including the
improvement of formation, curing
and other processes, as well as the
research on electrolyte formula.
In the eyes of insiders, you are
a multidisciplinary talent in the
battery industry. How do you think
battery technicians can grow into
multidisciplinary talents?
I reviewed my growth experience and
shared some personal experience.
First of all, my experience is that don’t
easily to change the career.Have a foothold in
one industry and work hard in one industry.
Although there will be certain advantages
and disadvantages in the development of
each industry, on the premise that there is
no significant difference, do not too tangle
about which industry is the best and has the
most potential. Because the cost of transfer
is far greater than the benefit brought by the
differences of the industry.
Secondly, consciously exercise your
comprehensive ability in the industry, that
is, take the initiative to try multiple positions
whenever you have the opportunity, and
dare to jump out of your comfort zone,
provided that you do a good job in the current
position. From countries to enterprises and
individuals, the future will be the competition
of comprehensive strength, systems, and
capabilities. Comprehensive talents are the
most difficult to create and cultivate, but also
the most valuable.
To sum up, we should stabilize our
own industry direction and have an active
consciousness to develop towards the
direction of comprehensive talents. Keep
studying and studying all aspects of the
industry, be conscientious and responsible,
and be openand inclusive to people and
things. Only by being open-minded can we
go further and have a wider road.
洲際蓄電池 37
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高端訪談 INTERVIEW
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山東海量電力器材有限公司
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